Summary

ATM i have not tested flash and debugging, just make configuration.
For everything else, all is working, code completion with doxygen, build is ok and post-build create necessary .bin and .hex files.
Should works under linux without problem, just get a toolchain, and build the two tools “st-util” and “st-flash”, sources at bottom

Settings → Debugger → GDB/CDB Debugger → Create config “ARM”
Select ARM in left pane

Executable path	C:\Program Files (x86)\GNU Tools ARM Embedded\4.8 2014q2\bin\arm-none-eabi-gdb.exe
Debugger initialization commands	target extended-remote localhost:4242

Settings → Compiler → “GNU GCC for ARM”
Then <Set as default>
Set Toolchain Executables

Compiler install directory	C:\Program Files (x86)\GNU Tools ARM Embedded\4.8 2014q2
C compiler	arm-none-eabi-gcc.exe
C++ compiler	arm-none-eabi-g++.exe
Linker for dynamic libraries	arm-none-eabi-gcc.exe
Linker for static libraries	arm-none-eabi-ar.exe
Debugger	Select the ARM one
Make program	make.exe

Project → Build options → pre/post build steps
Check “Always execute even if target is up to date”
Post-build :

arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex bin\Debug\shell.elf bin\Debug\output.hex
arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary bin\Debug\shell.elf bin\Debug\output.bin
cmd /c arm-none-eabi-objdump -x --syms bin\Debug\shell.elf > bin\Debug\shell.dmp

Tools+ → Configure Tools → New

Tool name	STM32 Flash Debug
Command line	C:\Users\Dashie\dev\ARM\stlink-20130324-win\bin\st-flash.exe write bin\Debug\output.bin 0x08000000
Working directory	$(PROJECT_DIR)\
Output to	Tools output window

The bridge can be used as a tool too, launching it using Tools+ menu and then starting debugging in Code::Blocks, which will use “extended-target” remote to connect to the bridge.

Tools+ → Configure Tools → New

Tool name	STM32 GDB Bridge
Command line	C:\Users\Dashie\dev\ARM\stlink-20130324-win\bin\st-util.exe
Working directory	$(PROJECT_DIR)\
Output to	Tools output window